Monday, September 14, 2009

Soal Jawab tentang Hadis Palsu - Fadilat Solat Terawih

Oleh : ustaz Farid Ravi Abdullah (Pengarah Institut Kajian hadis Selangor)
Soalan:

Ustaz,
Saya ada menerima edaran risalah hadis fadilat harian Solat Terawih riwayat Saidina Ali selepas bersolat terawih di masjid karyah saya. Adakah ia hadis yang benar?
- Staf TNB

Jawapan:

Berdasarkan kajian yang dijalankan, hadis ini tidak terdapat di dalam al-Kutub al-Sittah (Buku yang Enam) yang merupakan buku-buku rujukan hadis paling utama. Ia terdiri daripada al-Sahihan (Buku Sahih yang Dua) iaitu Sahih al-Bukhari dan Sahih Muslim pada kelas yang pertama. Manakala baki empat buku lagi dipanggil al-Sunan al-Arba’ah (Buku Sunnah yang Empat) yang terdiri daripada Sunan Abu Daud, Sunan al-Tirmidzi, Sunan al-Nasa’i (yang diberi nama al-Mujtaba) dan Sunan Ibnu Majah. Malah tidak juga terdapat dalam Muwatta’ Imam Malik, Sunan al-Darimi, Musnad Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal atau Mustadrak al-Hakim. Malah satu cakera padat umpama perpustakaan bergerak tentang hadis seperti Maktabah Shamilah dan Sunnah Alfiyyah pun gagal menjejak hadis ini, hatta dalam buku-buku yang menyenaraikan hadis-hadis palsu. Oleh yang demikian, mahu tidak mahu, ia terpaksa digolongkan dalam hadis yang tidak berasas (la asla la hu).

Apabila sesuatu hadis itu dilabelkan demikian maka ia adalah hadis yang palsu, baru diada-adakan dan haram hukumnya berpegang kepada, mempercayai apalagi menyebarkannya berdasarkan satu hadis mutawatir yang paling masyhur dalam bidang hadis: “Sesiapa yang berdusta atas namaku, maka dia telah menempah tempatnya di neraka.” [Sumber: Sahih al-Bukhari (1/52) dan Sahih Muslim (1/7), Sunan Abu Daud (3/357), Sunan al-Tirmidzi (5/35),Sunan al-Nasa’i (3/457), Sunan Ibnu Majah (1/13), dan Sunan al-Darimi (1/87)] Malahan ia tersenarai sebagai 1 daripada 70 dosa besar dalam Islam - berdusta kepada Allah dan Rasul-Nya.

Antara ciri-ciri hadis palsu ialah:
1. Tidak terdapat hukum sedemikian di dalam Fekah Islam yang diketahui
2. Hadis itu bertentangan dengan al-Qur’an atau kaedah-kaedah agama yang diketahui
3. Hadis itu bertentangan dengan hadis lain yang lebih tinggi status sahih dan penerimaannya dalam ilmu Islam
4. Hadis itu bertentangan dengan ijma’ ulama
5. Hadis itu tidak terdapat dalam buku-buku kompilasi hadis yang mu’tabar – contoh yang jelas ialah seperti hadis yang ditanya oleh soalan ini.
6. Terdapat lafaz dan makna yang janggal jika dibandingkan dengan kefasihan dan keindahan untaian kata hadis-hadis sebenar daripada Rasulullah s.a.w.
7. Terdapat perkara-perkara yang melampau sifatnya di dalam hadis
8. Perawi mengaku dia mengada-adakan hadis palsu untuk tujuan tertentu seperti untuk mendapatkan sokongan orang-orang atasan dan seumpamanya.


Menurut Imam al-Nawawi hukumnya haram meriwayatkan sesuatu hadis palsu (maudhu`) bagi orang yang mengetahui bahawa hadis itu maudhu` atau dia hanya mengesyakki hadis itu maudhu`. Tiada perbezaan status hukum haram itu di antara hadis yang berkaitan dengan hukum-hukum atau selainnya seperti hadis-hadis targhib untuk memotivasikan orang ramai beribadat atau tarhib untuk menakut-nakutkan mereka terhadap maksiat atau dosa sekalipun atas tujuan nasihat. Di dalam asas Fekah Islam, niat tidak menghalalkan cara. Maka kita perlu berhati-hati dalam merealisasikan praktik ajaran Islam agar niat yang murni itu tidak menjerumuskan kita kepada perbuatan yang mengakibatkan dosa pula. Oleh sebab itulah, al-Qur’an sering menyebut perkataan ‘iman’ dahulu kemudian digandingkan dengan kalimah ‘amal’ bagi mengisyaratkan bahawa sebagai penganut Islam, kita mesti berilmu dahulu sebelum beramal bagi mengelakkan perkara seumpama ini berlaku.

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ALAMAT PEJABAT :

Tel:+603-8925 4251 ext 1119/3394
Fax:+603-8926 6279
Emel:webmaster@inhad.org.my

Hadith Research Institute Selangor (INHAD)
SELANGOR INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY COLLEGE (KUIS),
Bandar Sri Putra, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, MALAYSIA

Kami di sini :

Kami di sini :

Preface INHAD

Praise be to Allah, prayer and peace upon the Messenger of Allah:


Indeed the “Hadith” is one of Allah’s greatest blessings which had been endowed for none other than the followers of Prophet Muhammad alone, although there were more than one hundred and twenty thousand prophets sent to many nations at different times, but there is no evidence that they had recorded their prophets’ sayings or deeds or vivid detailed recordings of their ongoing life at that time. Obviously, Allah had not Destined the same for them. He kept the Best for the
Last Prophet Muhammad bin Abdullah s.a.w., and also He had promised to protect them as ordained in the Holy Qur’an:


We have, without doubt, sent down the Message; and We will assuredly guard it (from corruption).

(al-Hijr: 9)


So, the Hadith was well preserved over the centuries, despite many attempts by the enemies of Islam to insert things into it, distort or innovate it as their wicked hearts desired. But Allah had Promised to preserve it the way it is until the Day of Resurrection, thus, it is protected from their conspiracies against it. And Allah had Destined that there would always be some highly capable men obliged to defend the Prophetic Tradition in every era, in every place, with whatever means. These men would not mind to sacrifice their lives and their souls in his service. They meticulously studied every aspect of his Hadith, created out from it organized sciences, and founded the principles and methods for those sciences. Even history had undeniably witnessed how this contribution had incomparably served the East at large as well as the West like no other science ever existed in the history of mankind.

But it’s the fate of our country (Malaysia) that Hadith is not that much concerned except very little. There are many justifications to this regretted paucity but it does not do justice to mention it all here. Yet, the most important point is the fact that her religious scholars, past and present, had engrossed more over Islamic Jurisprudence (Fiqh) than any other Islamic Sciences. Consequently, it is sensed that there is a bit distance between them and the Hadith Sciences either in teaching or learning processes (compared to in the Middle East); even in producing reading materials on it. Accordingly, the laymen of the society are also affected by this little exposure of Hadith, whereby it keeps them from internalizing the real value of Hadith especially in jurisdiction and legislation as well as the importance of applying it in their lifestyle.

Therefore, it is very crucial to infuse the sense of belongingness to and awareness of the Hadith among the Malaysian Muslims, and furthermore to disseminate and expose more about the Sciences of Hadith to them. Thus, Allah had Granted diligent individuals who are enthusiastic towards defending the Hadith to bring about the establishment of this institute. It is indeed was founded on a noble cause to attain significant objectives ahead. So, we hope to serve the Hadith in this country as mentioned in details in this Profile of the Institute.


We request Allah who is the All-Hearing, the Responsive, and the Omnipotent over all things to help us to serve The Hadith of Prophet Muhammad - peace be upon him – to achieve all the goals that we have set for this Institute, Insha Allah.


Hj Mohd Farid Ravi bin Abdullah

(Director of Selangor Hadith Research Institute [INHAD])

Ceramah "Keluarga Sakinah" oleh Ustaz Muhammad Farid Ravi Abdullah -1430H @ Singapore Expo, Hall 3

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